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1 The problem of maternal and child undernutrition in developing countries More than 3.5 million mothers and children under five die unnecessarily each year due to the underlying cause of undernutrition, and millions more are permanently disabled by the physical and mental effects of a poor dietary intake in the earliest months of life. By the time children reach their second birthday, if undernourished, they could suffer irreversible physical and cognitive damage, impacting their future…

Series Lancet 2008; 371: 340–57 Published Online January 17, 2008 DOI:10.1016/S0140­6736(07)61692-4 cvictora@terra.com.br Maternal and Child Undernutrition 2 Maternal and child undernutrition: consequences for adult health and human capital Cesar G Victora, Linda Adair, Caroline Fall, Pedro C Hallal, Reynaldo Martorell, Linda Richter, Harshpal Singh Sachdev, for the Maternal and Child Undernutrition Study Group* In this paper we review the associations between maternal and child undernutrition with human capital and risk of adult diseases in low-income…